Mingyang Gao received his BS degree in mechanical design, manufacturing and automation from Qilu University of Technology, China, in 2025. He is currently pursuing an MS degree in mechanical engineering with North China Electric Power University, Hebei, China. His current research interests include reliability evaluation of systems.

Jiale Gao received his BS degree in mechanical engineering from North China Electric Power University, China, in 2024. He is currently pursuing an MS degree in mechanical engineering at Dalian University of Technology, China. His current research interests include reliability evaluation of systems.

Yuhang Niu received his BS degree in mechanical engineering from North China Electric Power University, China, in 2024. He is currently pursuing an MS degree in mechanical engineering at North China Electric Power University, China. His current research interests include reliability evaluation of systems.

Haipeng Wang received his PhD degree from Dalian University of Technology, China. He is currently a lecturer at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, China. His research interest covers reliability evaluation and maintenance decision optimization of complex systems.

Yuling He received his PhD degree from North China Electric Power University, China. He is currently a professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, China. His current research interests include intelligent operation and maintenance of power equipment, testing and sensing technology.

Yuanchao Li received his BS degree in mechanical design, manufacturing and automation from Liaoning Petrochemical University, China, in 2024. He is currently pursuing an MS degree in mechanical engineering with North China Electric Power University, Hebei, China. His current research interests include reliability evaluation of systems.